billso.com

Courtesy of BoingBoing, here’s a photo of at least five different electrical outlets that are available at each seat in a European conference room.

It’s not just the power outlets that are different. The outlets provide different voltages and frequencies of alternating current (AC), depending upon the standards. This Wikipedia article has a good discussion that I used to develop a key for the above photo. Going from left to right:

1. Type G or BS 1363: 240v, 50 hZ. Used in the UK, Singapore and South Africa
2. Type E: 220v, 50 hZ. Used in France, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Denmark, and other European countries.
3. I have no idea what standard the third plug uses.
4. Type J or SEV 1011: 250v, 50 hZ. A Swiss model.
5. Type B, NEMA, PBG: 120v, 60 hZ. The standard 3-pin plug used in the US and Canada. Japanese plugs look similar, but use 100v and 50 hZ.
6. Again, I have no clue which plug this might be.

Every couple of months, someone asks me about a power issue. It might be electric plugs, battery life or power adapters. International travelers sometimes learn a hard lesson about voltage. If an outlet supplies too little voltage, the device will not work well or at all. This is a common issue for European visitors to Hawaii, as our 120v outlets provide only half the power that a European device might need it.

If the outlet provides too much voltage, the device might start smoking or burning. American visitors to Europe sometimes encounter this issue when they force a 12ov Type B plug into a 220v or higher European outlet.

I’ve long thought that the standard USB type A connector might become a standard electrical connector for low-power devices. USB usually provides only 5v of direct current (DC) at 100 or 500 milliamperes. That’s either 1 or 2.5 watts, so USB only useful for charging or running small devices.

DC is the common standard for batteries, and is also used inside almost every electronic device. Batteries have a limited lifespan, even when recharged.

But USB is an international standard, so more and more digital cameras, mobile phones and small devices use this interface for charging. Better yet, perhaps some company will start offering USB power outlets that can be installed directly into a wall.

TechRepublic has a photo gallery of Microsoft Internet Explorer versions 1 through 7, along with pictures of some old PCs. I doubt any of these PCs from the 80s ran IE, as version 1 was released in 1995. This industrial film from 1994 helps set the mood.

Meanwhile, a German website has some photos of Apple prototypes and products from the same period. Check out the 1983 iPhone! Reminds me of Minitel, an online service that most Americans have never heard of, even if it’s still popular in France. See these BBC and Wikipedia. articles for more information.

This map from StrangeMaps.com and BigPicture.com relabels each of the 50 United States with countries that have similar gross domestic products (GDPs). GDP is the market value of all goods and services produced in a country within a year. Of course, we can find similar figures for each of the 50 states.

Hawaii is world famous, not a world economic power

For example, Nigeria’s GDP of US$82 billion is about the same size as the state of Hawaii, which is also 39th on a ranking of the 50 states and DC.

New Zealand’s GDP of US$99 billion is comparable to the District of Columbia. Yes, the nation’s capital city has a bigger economy than the entire state of Hawaii.

New Jersey is comparable to Russia (US$733 billion), so there’s the number five slot.

Texas is number two: it matches up to Canada, which is the #10 country at US$1.08 trillion.

In the number one slot: California, which matches up to France’s GDP of US$2.15 trillion.

As noted in the article, a map based on per capita GDP would look very different. Most of the US states have smaller populations than their GDP equivalents.

Thanks to Boing Boing for links!

This article first appeared on my old blog at http://www.bloglines.com/blog/wsodeman?id=46

http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060814/ap_on_hi_te/dell_battery_recall

“The [Consumer Product Safety Commission]. knows of 339 incidents in which lithium batteries used in laptops and cell phones — not just Dell products — overheated between 2003 and 2005, Wolfson said.”

When we’re talking about overheating, we’re talking about explosions and fires.

Last week, British officials banned laptop computers and audio players as carry-on items, following the gel bomb arrests.

A UPS cargo plane was destroyed by fire last February in Philadelphia. The blaze may have been started by a crate full of laptop computer batteries.

This Dell recall may inspire airlines or the FAA to draft tighter restrictions on laptop computers, iPods and cell phones in commercial airplanes. Lithium-ion batteries are commonly used in both devices, as they perform well and last longer than other rechargeable batteries.

Passengers may not be happy. I always carry my electronic devices in my carry-on bag when I fly, simply because I don’t want them jostled and fondled in my checked baggage.

See the chapter on computer hardware in the IS 6100 textbook.

Laptop computers require a large amount of electrical energy. While it is possible to power a VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) phone from an RJ-45 network jack, this only needs about 5 watts of electrical power.

You may be familiar with the watt, as it’s the standard measure for household light bulbs.

Five watts not nearly enough to power a laptop computer. Even the smallest laptops use much more powerful batteries.

In comparison, a AAA battery delivers only a few watts, and for a limited amount of time.

August 15: Here’s some additional information from Engadget, which has been covering this story for several months. Check the multiple links regarding explosions in this article. A reader posted a link to Dell’s statement here, including instrucitons on replacement batteries.

The New York Times reports that Sony management confirmed that the company manufactured and sold the affected batteries to Dell. The batteries were shipped to Dell customers in computers sold between April 2004 and July 18.

CNN reported on August 15 that Sony is paying most or all of the recall costs. While this minimizes Dell’s direct losses, they will see an immediate drop in sales revenue as customers choose Dell’s competitors.

The Houston Chronicle reports that customers are hammering Dell with e-mails and phone calls as news spreads about the recall.

Engadget reported on August 6 that an Apple PowerBook exploded. Apple has already mounted a recall for some PowerBook and MacBook models, and Sony batteries are involved.

This article first appeared on my old blog at http://www.bloglines.com/blog/wsodeman?id=42

http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20060811/us_nm/speeding_dc

“I don’t want to get off on a rant here…”
Dennis Miller, 1995

Reuters reports on mortgage banker Francesca Cisneros, who has been issued 70 different speeding tickets by the Police Scottsdale Francesca Cisneros, resulting in over US$11,000 in fines.

Until recently, she had been ignoring the tickets, which were mailed to her after police cameras recorded her Honda Civic violating posted speed limits around the city.

One important aspect of security is verification, especially involving one’s identity. Traffic monitoring systems such as Scottsdale’s sometimes take pictures of the car’s driver, in an attempt to verify the driver’s identity.

Another important issue is non-repudiation. This is an important consideration in digital agreements and e-commerce, as both the buyer and seller must pledge that they will not break their contract.

Driving is a good example of a social contract.

This article also involves the topic of reputation. The application of information technology and systems to traffic enforcement provides new opportunities to measure and share information about driver behavior and performance. Assuming that these systems can recognize and read license plates, it’s possible that these systems could identfy frequent offenders for additional scrutiny.